Series
AY 2011

Mathematics without Borders - A Presence in Society which Transcends Language (Global Focus on Knowledge)

Kunihiko Kodaira (the first Japanese recipient of the Fields Medal) used to repeat that mathematics is the “art of seeing the mathematical phenomena behind natural phenomena”. In reconsidering the meaning of these words, which express the essence of mathematics, I wish to add two comments. First, mathematical phenomena are hidden not only behind natural phenomena, but also behind modern systems, including society and technology. Mathematical models represent phenomena discovered in nature or society by using the language of mathematics; new models may also be produced by mathematics itself. The first step begins with such observations. In addition, mathematics does not become a science by observation alone. The other important point is that “unless jade stone is polished, it is useless (i.e., it is not valuable)”. By analyzing or synthesizing discovered phenomena and developing the tools for new mathematics as needed, a model increases in completeness and becomes a new form of mathematics. What students learn in high school and college courses is but one completed part of mathematics. It may be difficult to understand the processes of its development and its connections to daily life. In this course, I will introduce how mathematicians, with their unfettered thinking, gave depth to theories, broadened applications, and built a rich academic framework. I will also describe the many areas in society where these accomplishments are making contributions. I want to convey the power of mathematics that supports society across disciplines. Welcoming Professor Kazuo Okamoto as an instructor, I hope to move the course forward while interacting with all the students.

Content List

rom Communication/Codes to the Cutting-edge Modern Mathematics

1:34
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#5 Mathematics for More Efficient Communications – Network Encoding

With the increasing use of the Internet, the efficiency and security of network communications have become extremely critical issues. The lecturer will describe mathematical theories of codes pertinent to such network communications, and relate them to cutting-edge topics involving abstract modern mathematics that may be the themes of future candidates for the Fields Medal.

Lecturer | Yasuyuki Kawahigashi
1:34
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1:29
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#6 Mathematics for the Internet and Ciphers

With the increasing use of the Internet, the efficiency and security of network communications have become extremely critical issues. The lecturer will describe mathematical theories of codes pertinent to such network communications, and relate them to cutting-edge topics involving abstract modern mathematics that may be the themes of future candidates for the Fields Medal.

Lecturer | Yasuyuki Kawahigashi
1:29
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1:30
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#7 Error-correcting Codes and Mathematics

With the increasing use of the Internet, the efficiency and security of network communications have become extremely critical issues. The lecturer will describe mathematical theories of codes pertinent to such network communications, and relate them to cutting-edge topics involving abstract modern mathematics that may be the themes of future candidates for the Fields Medal.

Lecturer | Yasuyuki Kawahigashi
1:30
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Mathematics of Networks – Identifying Connections

1:19
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#8 Common Structures for Networks

Our society is full of a variety of networks including personal relationships, business relationships, the Internet and food webs. Network structures have long been a subject of research in the fields of mathematics and sociology. However, it has only been during the last dozen years or so that sufficient data has been accumulated, to make possible development of data-based theories and applicati…

Lecturer | Naoki Masuda
1:19
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1:21
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#9 Mathematical Theory of Inequalities

Our society is full of a variety of networks including personal relationships, business relationships, the Internet and food webs. Network structures have long been a subject of research in the fields of mathematics and sociology. However, it has only been during the last dozen years or so that sufficient data has been accumulated, to make possible development of data-based theories and applicati…

Lecturer | Naoki Masuda
1:21
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1:14
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#10 Network Transmissions of Infections

Our society is full of a variety of networks including personal relationships, business relationships, the Internet and food webs. Network structures have long been a subject of research in the fields of mathematics and sociology. However, it has only been during the last dozen years or so that sufficient data has been accumulated, to make possible development of data-based theories and applicati…

Lecturer | Naoki Masuda
1:14
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Utility of Randomness and a World Where 1+1=0

1:13
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#11 Making Use of Randomness without Being Aware of It

You can find randomness in your immediate surroundings, as it is used for coded communications through the Internet, electronic games, stock market forecasts and computer simulations. What is the utility of randomness? What methods have been devised to generate randomness? Have they proved successful? The mathematics which rules a world where 1+1=0 is true can produce precise randomness quite eff…

Lecturer | Makoto Matsumoto
1:13
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1:21
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#12 It Is Difficult to Generate Randomness

You can find randomness in your immediate surroundings, as it is used for coded communications through the Internet, electronic games, stock market forecasts and computer simulations. What is the utility of randomness? What methods have been devised to generate randomness? Have they proved successful? The mathematics which rules a world where 1+1=0 is true can produce precise randomness quite eff…

Lecturer | Makoto Matsumoto
1:21
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1:08
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#13 Generating Randomness in a Mathematical World Where 1+1=0

You can find randomness in your immediate surroundings, as it is used for coded communications through the Internet, electronic games, stock market forecasts and computer simulations. What is the utility of randomness? What methods have been devised to generate randomness? Have they proved successful? The mathematics which rules a world where 1+1=0 is true can produce precise randomness quite eff…

Lecturer | Makoto Matsumoto
1:08
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